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Research Article: Althalji et al 80
Figure 7 shows case study where all messages 1 .Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR): Represents the
are received correctly despite of the mobile ratio between the number of received data
node movement. The parent and child nodes packets and sent data packets .
are still in the mobile node's radio range. 2 .overhead: The ratio between the number of
Figure 8 shows another case study where the routing packets and the number of successfully
mobile node was moving, which led the child received data packets .
node to exit outside the mobile node radio 3 .Average End-to-End Delay: The average time
range, so it did not receive a HERE or STOP is taken to propagate the packet from the
message. After that, it will search for a new source to the destination .
parent node. When the mobile node stops, the 4 .Average power consumption: is the average
parent node is out of range, so it does not amount of power used by nodes during the
receive a LISTEN message and it will search for working time of devices in the network .
a new parent node by sending DIS messages to Simulation Results and Analysis
its neighbours. This section presents a performance analysis of
proposed protocols compared to protocols
MARPL, FL-RPL, and ARMOR . The networks in
the simulation were built using Cooja program,
where the simulation parameters were adopted
according to previous studies that were
compared with .The research [19] suggested the
MARPL protocol, which adopted the idea of
detecting node movement through the value of
RSSI and determining the availability of the
neighboring node. If the node receives a DIO
Fig. 8: Case study2 message, it updates the Neighbor Variability
metric, otherwise, if it receives DAO or DIS
Protocol Performance Evaluation
control messages, it reduces the time interval
In this paper, the proposed protocol was
evaluated using the Cooja emulator [18] that between each transmission of DIO messages,
supports IoT and all its protocols. Cooja is used which increases their transmission rate and
thus more overhead. In the simulation, a
because it is an emulator, not a simulator,
300*300 m2 area was considered with 50
meaning that its performance is closer to reality mobile nodes at a maximum speed of 3 m/s
because it is running real devices in the
with a different number of root nodes (1,2,3).
network, which makes the results we get more
The results in Figure 9 show the value of the
accurate and simulating reality. This emulator packet delivery rate which increases when the
runs on Contiki OS which is open source,
number of roots nodes increases.
multitasking and designed specifically for
constrained memory. It supports a wide range
of low-power wireless devices, like a Z1 chip or
sky mote, etc .
] 13 [ Performance metrics
The proposed protocol was evaluated in terms
of PDR, power consumption, overhead, and
end-to-end delay. The calculations are as
follows :
SJSI – 2023: VOLUME 1-1
